# Localization library

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< cpp

The locale facility includes internationalization support for character classification and string collation, numeric, monetary, and date/time formatting and parsing, and message retrieval. Locale settings control the behavior of stream I/O, regular expression library, and other components of the C++ standard library.

### Locales

Defined in header `<locale>`

##### Locales and facets

locale | set of polymorphic facets that encapsulate cultural differences (class)
use_facet | obtains a facet from a locale (function template)
has_facet | checks if a locale implements a specific facet (function template)

##### Character classification

isspace(std::locale) | checks if a character is classified as whitespace by a locale (function template)
isblank(std::locale) (C++11) | checks if a character is classified as a blank character by a locale (function template)
iscntrl(std::locale) | checks if a character is classified as a control character by a locale (function template)
isupper(std::locale) | checks if a character is classified as uppercase by a locale (function template)
islower(std::locale) | checks if a character is classified as lowercase by a locale (function template)
isalpha(std::locale) | checks if a character is classified as alphabetic by a locale (function template)
isdigit(std::locale) | checks if a character is classified as a digit by a locale (function template)
ispunct(std::locale) | checks if a character is classified as punctuation by a locale (function template)
isxdigit(std::locale) | checks if a character is classified as a hexadecimal digit by a locale (function template)
isalnum(std::locale) | checks if a character is classified as alphanumeric by a locale (function template)
isprint(std::locale) | checks if a character is classified as printable by a locale (function template)
isgraph(std::locale) | checks if a character is classfied as graphical by a locale (function template)

##### Character conversions

toupper(std::locale) | converts a character to uppercase using the ctype facet of a locale (function template)
tolower(std::locale) | converts a character to lowercase using the ctype facet of a locale (function template)

##### String and stream conversions

wstring_convert (C++11)(deprecated in C++17) | performs conversions between a wide string and a byte string (class template)
wbuffer_convert (C++11)(deprecated in C++17) | performs conversion between a byte stream buffer and a wide stream buffer (class template)

##### Facet category base classes

ctype_base | defines character classification categories (class)
codecvt_base | defines character conversion errors (class)
messages_base | defines messages catalog type (class)
time_base | defines date format constants (class)
money_base | defines monetary formatting patterns (class)

##### Facet categories

ctype | defines character classification tables (class template)
ctype<char> | specialization of std::ctype for type char (class template specialization)
codecvt | converts between character encodings, including UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-32 (class template)
collate | defines lexicographical comparison and hashing of strings (class template)
messages | implements retrieval of strings from message catalogs (class template)
time_get | parses time/date values from an input character sequence into struct std::tm (class template)
time_put | formats contents of struct std::tm for output as character sequence (class template)
num_get | parses numeric values from an input character sequence (class template)
num_put | formats numeric values for output as character sequence (class template)
numpunct | defines numeric punctuation rules (class template)
money_get | parses and constructs a monetary value from an input character sequence (class template)
money_put | formats a monetary value for output as a character sequence (class template)
moneypunct | defines monetary formatting parameters used by std::money_get and std::money_put (class template)

##### Locale-specific facet categories

ctype_byname | represents the system-supplied std::ctype for the named locale (class template)
codecvt_byname | represents the system-supplied std::codecvt for the named locale (class template)
messages_byname | represents the system-supplied std::messages for the named locale (class template)
collate_byname | represents the system-supplied std::collate for the named locale (class template)
time_get_byname | represents the system-supplied std::time_get for the named locale (class template)
time_put_byname | represents the system-supplied std::time_put for the named locale (class template)
numpunct_byname | represents the system-supplied std::numpunct for the named locale (class template)
moneypunct_byname | represents the system-supplied std::moneypunct for the named locale (class template)

### Locale-independent unicode conversion facets

Defined in header `<codecvt>`
codecvt_utf8 (C++11)(deprecated in C++17) | converts between UTF-8 and UCS2/UCS4 (class template)
codecvt_utf16 (C++11)(deprecated in C++17) | converts between UTF-16 and UCS2/UCS4 (class template)
codecvt_utf8_utf16 (C++11)(deprecated in C++17) | converts between UTF-8 and UTF-16 (class template)
codecvt_mode (C++11)(deprecated in C++17) | tags to alter behavior of the standard codecvt facets (enum)

### C library locales

Defined in header `<clocale>`
setlocale | gets and sets the current C locale (function)
LC_ALL LC_COLLATE LC_CTYPE LC_MONETARY LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME | locale categories for std::setlocale (macro constant)
localeconv | queries numeric and monetary formatting details of the current locale (function)
lconv | formatting details, returned by std::localeconv (class)

### See also

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